Enjoy rivers, waterfalls and gorges safely

• Water levels and currents can change quickly after rain or snowmelt.
• Gorges concentrate shade, dampness and slippery sections; temperatures can be much lower than in nearby towns.
• Waterfalls are often accessible via boardwalks, viewpoints or short trails, not necessarily a long hike.
• Marked trails and barriers help protect visitors from falls, floods and damage to sensitive riverbanks.
• Water shoes or lightweight clothing are no substitute for carefully assessing the current and the terrain.
• Good planning includes extra time, drinking water, dry clothes and a return route that does not require rushing.

Plitvice Lakes National Park has circular routes of varying lengths: Route A starts at Entrance 1 and runs 3.5 kilometres through the Lower Lakes to the Great Waterfall, taking around two to three hours. Route C covers eight kilometres and links the Upper and Lower Lakes in a four- to five-hour circuit that includes footpaths, an electric boat and a panoramic vehicle. Route A suits a shorter visit, while Route C is better for a longer day trip; the routes differ in both duration and scope.

The Danube Delta is an extensive network of waterways, while the Croatian islands are more about coastlines, bays and ferry routes. For mountain scenery, consider Durmitor or the Apuseni Mountains. Those hoping to see a waterfall in a protected landscape can visit the well-known waterfalls of Plitvice Lakes, where clear rules apply.

The Danube Delta is a network of waterways where water routes and boat trips play a central role. This makes the Delta a distinctly water-based destination, unlike a walking circuit at Plitvice Lakes.

Rain, snowmelt and thunderstorms can cause water levels to rise quickly; wet rocks and wooden boardwalks become slippery. Cold water and strong currents make spontaneous swimming or climbing along the riverbank inadvisable.

A small bag with water, snacks, rainwear or a change of clothes, and a charged phone or other emergency contact option is useful on many trails. In gorges, allow plenty of time for the return journey, as oncoming walkers, breaks and photo stops all take time. When enjoying leisure and activities in nature and the countryside, breaks and the return journey should be part of the day’s plan.

For waterfalls and gorges, the journey back is also part of staying safe. After a long route, do not set off on an unfamiliar side trail if daylight is fading and the weather is worsening. For groups with different walking speeds, it can be helpful to agree on a meeting point and allow people to return separately. If travelling by public transport, check the time of the last departure before reaching the end of the trail.

A nature park may have several entrances and circular trails, which can be affected differently by flooding or construction work. At the site, consider maps, closure notices and the actual condition of the trail together. Photos from another season do not always show current conditions. A short, safe trail with good views is often a better choice than a longer stretch that is only manageable in ideal conditions.

Families benefit from short trails, safe viewpoints and a clear plan for breaks. A spectacular waterfall is not necessarily accessible to strollers or inexperienced hikers. No one in a group should be pressured to approach a risky stretch of riverbank. A place with a café, museum or recreational facilities can make the trip enjoyable even if the planned walk is cancelled.

When choosing accommodation, consider a dry place for shoes and clothes, the route to your chosen park entrance and transport options for the return journey. Accommodation by destination and location should suit your starting point and planned return route. If travelling by car, use designated parking areas and do not drive right up to sensitive riverbanks. A longer stay can be combined with local specialities and other holiday ideas, without having to visit a waterside destination every day.

Staying close to a river makes early outings easier, but may call for extra caution during high water. For a gorge visit, practical considerations include dry shoes, accommodation with a convenient return route and an emergency contact you can reach. If you are travelling without a car, check whether buses or trains run to the starting point and when the last service back leaves. This makes even a short walk easier to plan.

Take local conditions into account when planning your trip. Boardwalks, riverbanks and rocky paths are not accessible everywhere, and closures may change after storms or floods. A viewpoint is not automatically a safe place to swim or climb. For families and older travellers, seating, toilets, shade and a short return route are often more important than finding the most remote waterfall.

When are waterfalls at their most impressive?

It depends on rainfall, snowmelt and the particular waterway. High water levels can make a waterfall more impressive, but can also make trails unsafe.

Can I swim in a gorge?

Only if it is explicitly permitted and safe. Currents, cold water, rocks and sudden rises in water levels make impromptu swimming spots risky.

What kind of footwear is suitable?

Sturdy shoes with good grip are suitable for many trails. For more challenging sections, you should also consider the trail information, weather and your own experience.

What permits are required for a boat trip in the Danube Delta?

The ARBDD distinguishes between a tourist access pass and a boat pass. The boat pass is valid together with the tourist access pass.